benzoyl group
Definition
Noun: * The univalent radical derived from benzoic acid: A specific group of atoms, derived from benzoic acid, that acts as a single unit in chemical reactions. It is a common functional group in organic chemistry.
Usage
The term "benzoyl group" is used exclusively in scientific contexts, primarily in organic chemistry, biochemistry, and pharmacology. It refers to the molecular fragment C₆H₅C(O)-, which consists of a benzene ring attached to a carbonyl group (C=O). This group is a key structural feature in many compounds.
Examples
- In compound names:
- Benzoyl peroxide is a common initiator for polymerizations. (Here, the benzoyl group is part of the peroxide molecule.)
- The molecule contains a benzoyl group attached to an amino acid.
- In chemical descriptions:
- The reaction involves the transfer of a benzoyl group to the alcohol.
- Protecting the alcohol as its benzoyl ester is a standard procedure.
Advanced Usage
- "Benzoylation": The chemical process of introducing a benzoyl group into a molecule.
- Benzoylation of cellulose improves its material properties.
Variants and Related Words
- Benzoyl (adjective): Used to describe a compound containing the benzoyl group.
- The benzoyl derivative was isolated and characterized.
- Benzoyl chloride: A reactive compound (C₆H₅COCl) used to introduce the benzoyl group into other molecules.
- Benzoyl peroxide: A compound containing two benzoyl groups connected by a peroxide linkage.
Synonyms
- Benzoyl radical: A less common but technically accurate synonym, emphasizing its nature as a radical species in certain contexts.
Noun
-
the univalent radical derived from benzoic acid
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